Docent Series: Rat Island-The Avian Flu and it affects on the Caspian Terns

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The presentation focuses on the ecological and epidemiological aspects of the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI).

The presentation focuses on the ecological and epidemiological aspects of the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) among Caspian Terns, Glaucous-winged Gulls (and their hybrids), and harbor seals. This outbreak appeared to spread from Tern colonies on the lower Columbia River to several locations in the Puget Sound Region with the highest mortality rates observed on Rat Island. The outbreak resulted in very high mortality rates for adult and chick Terns on Rats and appeared to have regional flyway-level impacts on Tern populations. Interestingly, there was little mortality to adult gulls on Rat despite high mortality to gull chicks. This presentation is intended for individuals interested in becoming a docent or are already a docent and/or Audobon Society members. Molecular data support the “spill-over” of HPAI from Terns to harbor seals resulting in the first detections of HPAI in pinnipeds in the Northeastern Pacific. Similar patterns of transmission from seabirds to marine mammals have been observed in the Atlantic, South America, Antarctic, and Asia where the disease has resulted in the loss of many tens to hundreds of thousands of birds and mammals. Looking ahead to 2024, we don’t know if the disease will again affect the seabirds and mammals of Rat Island. Epidemiological patterns from seabird colonies in the Atlantic are mixed, but with generally less impact in the second year, perhaps due to lower densities and previous exposure. We are very concerned about the potential spread of HPAI to extremely important seabird colonies and marine mammal haulouts on both Protection and Smith Islands in 2024 given that it is continuing to be detected this winter in dead waterfowl and shorebirds. Research initiatives aimed at understanding the virus's behavior, improving surveillance methods, and enhancing disease control strategies remain imperative in safeguarding the vulnerable populations of Caspian Terns, other birds, and harbor seals against future outbreaks. As the interplay between pathogens and wildlife continues to evolve, proactive measures and collaborative approaches will be essential in addressing emerging infectious diseases and preserving the biodiversity of Rat Island and its surrounding ecosystems.

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Docent Series: Rat Island-The Avian Flu and it affects on the Caspian Terns

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Docent Series: Rat Island-The Avian Flu and it affects on the Caspian Terns

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